Florida · GEOID 12001

Alachua County

2024 ACS 5-year estimates · population 285,492 · 127,731 housing units

Median household income

$61,949

State $75,325

Median home value

$288,800

State $365,373

Median gross rent

$1,339

State $1,665

Homeownership rate

54.1%

State 67.6%

Renter cost-burden rate

63.4%

≥30% of income

Owner cost-burden rate

19.8%

≥30% of income

Homeowner vacancy

1.7%

Of owner-occupied + for-sale units

Rental vacancy

8.6%

Of renter-occupied + for-rent units

Overall vacancy

8.6%

All housing units

Price-to-income ratio

4.66

Affordable: 2.0–3.0

Section 1

Community Profile

Population, demographics, household composition, and income.

Community Data Summary

	Alachua County	Florida
Population	285,492	22,416,077
Population density (per sq. mi.)	326.04	—
Median household income	$61,949	$75,325
HUD Area Median Income (4-person, 100%)	$99,100	—
Households	116,786	—
Average household size	2.28 people	—
Owner-occupied	54.1%	67.6%
Renter-occupied	45.9%	32.4%
Race	61.4% White · 19.3% Black	0.0% White · 0.0% Black

Source: ACS 5-year 2024 (Tables DP05, S1101, DP04, S1901) and Census Gazetteer (land area); HUD FY2026 Income Limits.

Racial composition

Alachua County compared with Florida.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table DP05.

Educational attainment (population 25+)

48.8% hold a bachelor's degree or higher (state: 34.1%).

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S1501.

Median Household Income by Tenure

Owner-occupied vs. renter-occupied household income, county and state.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25119.

Median Household Income by Age of Householder

Median household income by age group of householder.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B19049.

Median Household Income by Number of Earners

Median household income for families with each earner count.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S1903.

Household Size

Distribution of households by number of people.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2501.

Income by Number of Earners

Earners	Share	Median income	Attainable monthly housing cost	Attainable home
0 earners	15.4%	$62,079	$1,552	$200,060
1 earner	36.1%	$61,221	$1,531	$196,866
2 earners	41.2%	$126,063	$3,152	$438,230
3+ earners	7.3%	$151,511	$3,788	$532,956

Attainable monthly housing cost = 30% of gross income ÷ 12. Attainable home price assumes 30% housing budget, 30-yr mortgage at 7%, 5% down.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S1903; affordability formula derived.

Households

116,786

Average size: 2.28 people

Households with children

24,116

20.6% of households

Per-capita income

$38,869

Poverty rate: 24.2%

Section 2

Residential Market Analysis

Housing stock characteristics — tenure, type, age, size, vacancy, rents.

Tenure

54.1% owner-occupied vs. state average 67.6%.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table DP04.

Structure type

Single-family share 55.3% · Missing middle (2–19 units) 25.9%.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25024.

Housing stock by decade

33.3% built before 1980 · Median structure age 1,988.00 yrs.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2504.

Housing size mismatch

Compares the share of housing units by bedroom count against the share of households by size — a common diagnostic of housing supply/demand alignment.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Tables B25041 (bedrooms) and S2501 (household size).

Home value distribution

Owner-occupied homes by value bracket. Median: $288,800.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table DP04.

Monthly Housing Costs

Distribution of monthly housing costs across all occupied units.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25104.

Number of Bedrooms

Housing units by number of bedrooms.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25041.

Median rent by bedroom

Overall median gross rent: $1,339.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25031.

Renters by age

Number of renter householders by age bracket.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2502.

Owners by age

Number of owner householders by age bracket.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2502.

Vacancy composition

All 10,945 vacant units split into Census's seven categories. Frictional vacancy (units actively on the market) reflects healthy churn. Structural vacancy (seasonal, migrant, other) sits outside the market for year-round residents — high values change how the headline vacancy rate should be read.

Vacant units by type

For sale 9.8% · For rent 46.3% · Seasonal 5.7% · Other 29.7%.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25004.

Frictional vs structural

64.6% of vacancy is frictional (for sale + for rent + rented/sold not yet occupied); 35.4% is structural (seasonal + migrant + other).

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25004.

Seasonal / recreational share of all housing

0.5%

625 units of 127,731 total

Housing units held for seasonal or recreational use.

"Other vacant" share of all housing

2.5%

3,251 units of 127,731 total

Census "Other vacant" — units off the market for reasons other than seasonal, migrant, sale, or rental.

Section 3

Workforce Housing Needs Assessment

Affordability, cost burden, and the housing options for households in the workforce income range.

Workforce range — ACS median household income

80% MHI$49,559

100% MHI$61,949

120% MHI$74,339

County-wide median from ACS 5-year estimates. A household at 100% MHI in Alachua County should be able to afford a home up to roughly — (30% housing budget, default mortgage terms).

Workforce range — HUD Area Median Income

	1-person	2-person	4-person
80% AMI	$55,550	$63,450	$79,300
100% AMI	$69,370	$79,280	$99,100
120% AMI	$83,250	$95,150	$118,900

HUD FMR Area: Gainesville, FL HUD Metro FMR Area. 80% AMI uses HUD's published Section 8 Low Income Limits; 100% is HUD MFI; 120% is the standard workforce convention.

Affordability calculator

Follows the standard 30%-of-gross-income affordability rule.

Income basis Household income Interest rate % Down payment % Taxes & insurance / yr

Affordable monthly—

Affordable home price—

Renter cost burden

63.4% of renter households spend ≥30% of income on rent (37.1% spend ≥50%).

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25070.

Owner cost burden by income

19.8% of homeowners spend ≥30% of income on housing. Bars show counts of cost-burdened owners by income bracket.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25106.

Household income — owners vs renters

Distribution of household income for owner-occupied (navy) and renter-occupied (gold) households.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25118.

Section 4

Industry & Workforce Wages

Employment, average wages, and the housing each industry's typical earner can afford in Alachua County.

Covered employment

137,404

Across 20 sectors

Establishments

8,211

QCEW 2024

Avg annual pay (workforce)

$64,098

Employment-weighted across sectors

Top 10 sectors by employment

Annual average employment by NAICS 2-digit sector. Counties with fewer than five covered establishments in a sector may show suppressed totals.

Source: BLS QCEW Annual Averages, 2024.

Attainable housing by industry

Industry	Employment	Avg annual wage	Affordable home price	vs. median value	Affordable monthly rent
NAICS 62 Health care and social assistance NAICS 62	33,463	$69,541	$227,836	−$60,964	$1,739
NAICS 61 Educational services NAICS 61	25,004	$83,996	$281,642	−$7,158	$2,100
NAICS 44-45 Retail trade NAICS 44-45	13,956	$35,248	$100,186	−$188,614	$881
NAICS 72 Accommodation and food services NAICS 72	13,469	$25,586	$64,220	−$224,580	$640
NAICS 54 Professional, scientific, and technical services NAICS 54	7,041	$86,916	$292,511	+$3,711	$2,173
NAICS 92 Public administration NAICS 92	6,984	$68,731	$224,821	−$63,979	$1,718
NAICS 56 Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services NAICS 56	6,507	$43,075	$129,320	−$159,480	$1,077
NAICS 23 Construction NAICS 23	5,760	$61,643	$198,437	−$90,363	$1,541
NAICS 48-49 Transportation and warehousing NAICS 48-49	4,260	$56,801	$180,413	−$108,387	$1,420
NAICS 31-33 Manufacturing NAICS 31-33	4,149	$72,060	$237,212	−$51,588	$1,802
NAICS 52 Finance and insurance NAICS 52	3,326	$92,989	$315,117	+$26,317	$2,325
NAICS 81 Other services (except public administration) NAICS 81	3,206	$44,642	$135,153	−$153,647	$1,116
NAICS 42 Wholesale trade NAICS 42	2,787	$98,591	$335,970	+$47,170	$2,465
NAICS 53 Real estate and rental and leasing NAICS 53	2,424	$56,727	$180,138	−$108,662	$1,418
NAICS 71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation NAICS 71	2,140	$48,756	$150,467	−$138,333	$1,219
NAICS 51 Information NAICS 51	1,712	$111,549	$384,204	+$95,404	$2,789
NAICS 55 Management of companies and enterprises NAICS 55	730	$90,496	$305,837	+$17,037	$2,262
NAICS 22 Utilities NAICS 22	324	$120,081	$415,963	+$127,163	$3,002
NAICS 99 Unclassified NAICS 99	106	$71,082	$233,572	−$55,228	$1,777
NAICS 11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting NAICS 11	56	$48,713	$150,307	−$138,493	$1,218

Subsector	Employment	Avg annual wage	Affordable home price	vs. median value	Affordable monthly rent
NAICS 611 Educational services NAICS 611	25,004	$83,996	$281,642	−$7,158	$2,100
NAICS 722 Food services and drinking places NAICS 722	12,221	$25,196	$62,769	−$226,031	$630
NAICS 621 Ambulatory health care services NAICS 621	8,733	$71,065	$233,509	−$55,291	$1,777
NAICS 541 Professional, scientific, and technical services NAICS 541	7,041	$86,916	$292,511	+$3,711	$2,173
NAICS 561 Administrative and support services NAICS 561	6,222	$42,065	$125,561	−$163,239	$1,052
NAICS 238 Specialty trade contractors NAICS 238	4,118	$56,370	$178,809	−$109,991	$1,409
NAICS 622 Hospitals NAICS 622	4,109	$98,856	$336,956	+$48,156	$2,471
NAICS 921 Executive, legislative, and other general government support NAICS 921	4,036	$69,281	$226,868	−$61,932	$1,732
NAICS 445 Food and beverage retailers NAICS 445	3,947	$27,738	$72,231	−$216,569	$693
NAICS 623 Nursing and residential care facilities NAICS 623	3,590	$41,059	$121,816	−$166,984	$1,026
NAICS 455 General merchandise retailers NAICS 455	2,622	$28,665	$75,681	−$213,119	$717
NAICS 493 Warehousing and storage NAICS 493	2,234	$51,977	$162,457	−$126,343	$1,299
NAICS 531 Real estate NAICS 531	2,061	$57,113	$181,574	−$107,226	$1,428
NAICS 441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers NAICS 441	1,758	$62,025	$199,859	−$88,941	$1,551
NAICS 524 Insurance carriers and related activities NAICS 524	1,628	$101,623	$347,256	+$58,456	$2,541
NAICS 424 Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods NAICS 424	1,455	$82,108	$274,614	−$14,186	$2,053
NAICS 111 Crop production NAICS 111	1,425	$39,043	$114,312	−$174,488	$976
NAICS 922 Justice, public order, and safety activities NAICS 922	1,403	$71,416	$234,815	−$53,985	$1,785
NAICS 522 Credit intermediation and related activities NAICS 522	1,280	$70,911	$232,935	−$55,865	$1,773
NAICS 721 Accommodation NAICS 721	1,248	$29,407	$78,443	−$210,357	$735
NAICS 236 Construction of buildings NAICS 236	1,222	$77,957	$259,163	−$29,637	$1,949
NAICS 444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers NAICS 444	1,198	$35,347	$100,554	−$188,246	$884
NAICS 459 Sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book, and miscellaneous retailers NAICS 459	1,198	$28,184	$73,891	−$214,909	$705
NAICS 339 Miscellaneous manufacturing NAICS 339	1,166	$82,983	$277,871	−$10,929	$2,075
NAICS 813 Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations NAICS 813	1,046	$49,080	$151,673	−$137,127	$1,227
NAICS 713 Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries NAICS 713	1,030	$17,653	$34,691	−$254,109	$441
NAICS 812 Personal and laundry services NAICS 812	1,024	$33,920	$95,242	−$193,558	$848
NAICS 458 Clothing, clothing accessories, shoe, and jewelry retailers NAICS 458	994	$23,220	$55,413	−$233,387	$581
NAICS 423 Merchant wholesalers, durable goods NAICS 423	979	$72,724	$239,684	−$49,116	$1,818
NAICS 711 Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries NAICS 711	976	$83,297	$279,040	−$9,760	$2,082
NAICS 456 Health and personal care retailers NAICS 456	975	$39,481	$115,942	−$172,858	$987
NAICS 811 Repair and maintenance NAICS 811	969	$53,604	$168,513	−$120,287	$1,340
NAICS 513 Publishing industries NAICS 513	799	$104,381	$357,522	+$68,722	$2,610
NAICS 551 Management of companies and enterprises NAICS 551	730	$90,496	$305,837	+$17,037	$2,262
NAICS 449 Furniture, home furnishings, electronics, and appliance retailers NAICS 449	696	$60,711	$194,967	−$93,833	$1,518
NAICS 923 Administration of human resource programs NAICS 923	642	$57,765	$184,001	−$104,799	$1,444
NAICS 926 Administration of economic programs NAICS 926	626	$69,046	$225,993	−$62,807	$1,726
NAICS 327 Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing NAICS 327	592	$77,892	$258,921	−$29,879	$1,947
NAICS 457 Gasoline stations and fuel dealers NAICS 457	569	$32,163	$88,702	−$200,098	$804
NAICS 484 Truck transportation NAICS 484	538	$64,605	$209,462	−$79,338	$1,615
NAICS 492 Couriers and messengers NAICS 492	512	$52,653	$164,973	−$123,827	$1,316
NAICS 491 Postal service NAICS 491	465	$72,477	$238,764	−$50,036	$1,812
NAICS 333 Machinery manufacturing NAICS 333	426	$76,267	$252,872	−$35,928	$1,907
NAICS 237 Heavy and civil engineering construction NAICS 237	420	$65,876	$214,193	−$74,607	$1,647
NAICS 532 Rental and leasing services NAICS 532	363	$54,537	$171,986	−$116,814	$1,363
NAICS 425 Wholesale trade agents and brokers NAICS 425	353	$238,271	$855,906	+$567,106	$5,957
NAICS 221 Utilities NAICS 221	324	$120,081	$415,963	+$127,163	$3,002
NAICS 334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing NAICS 334	313	$82,385	$275,645	−$13,155	$2,060
NAICS 325 Chemical manufacturing NAICS 325	300	$100,692	$343,790	+$54,990	$2,517
NAICS 488 Support activities for transportation NAICS 488	299	$50,612	$157,376	−$131,424	$1,265
NAICS 517 Telecommunications NAICS 517	295	$237,760	$854,004	+$565,204	$5,944
NAICS 562 Waste management and remediation services NAICS 562	285	$65,144	$211,469	−$77,331	$1,629
NAICS 312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing NAICS 312	270	$35,512	$101,168	−$187,632	$888
NAICS 924 Administration of environmental quality programs NAICS 924	252	$71,010	$233,304	−$55,496	$1,775
NAICS 332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing NAICS 332	246	$53,332	$167,500	−$121,300	$1,333
NAICS 519 Web search portals, libraries, archives, and other information services NAICS 519	200	$56,366	$178,794	−$110,006	$1,409
NAICS 323 Printing and related support activities NAICS 323	185	$39,392	$115,611	−$173,189	$985
NAICS 516 Broadcasting and content providers NAICS 516	169	$71,940	$236,766	−$52,034	$1,799
NAICS 814 Private households NAICS 814	167	$30,595	$82,865	−$205,935	$765
NAICS 321 Wood product manufacturing NAICS 321	165	$80,785	$269,690	−$19,110	$2,020
NAICS 311 Food manufacturing NAICS 311	160	$22,919	$54,293	−$234,507	$573
NAICS 337 Furniture and related product manufacturing NAICS 337	142	$65,994	$214,633	−$74,167	$1,650
NAICS 712 Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions NAICS 712	133	$36,525	$104,939	−$183,861	$913
NAICS 512 Motion picture and sound recording industries NAICS 512	125	$25,251	$62,973	−$225,827	$631
NAICS 518 Computing infrastructure providers, data processing, web hosting, and related services NAICS 518	124	$87,455	$294,518	+$5,718	$2,186
NAICS 485 Transit and ground passenger transportation NAICS 485	118	$43,733	$131,770	−$157,030	$1,093
NAICS 115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry NAICS 115	107	$55,752	$176,508	−$112,292	$1,394
NAICS 999 Unclassified NAICS 999	106	$71,082	$233,572	−$55,228	$1,777
NAICS 112 Animal production and aquaculture NAICS 112	65	$32,837	$91,211	−$197,589	$821
NAICS 624 Social assistance NAICS 624	35	$54,563	$172,082	−$116,718	$1,364
NAICS 113 Forestry and logging NAICS 113	29	$65,668	$213,419	−$75,381	$1,642
NAICS 336 Transportation equipment manufacturing NAICS 336	28	$35,455	$100,956	−$187,844	$886
NAICS 928 National security and international affairs NAICS 928	18	$69,837	$228,938	−$59,862	$1,746
NAICS 925 Administration of housing programs, urban planning, and community development NAICS 925	7	$105,799	$362,800	+$74,000	$2,645
NAICS 335 Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing NAICS 335	6	$32,884	$91,386	−$197,414	$822

Affordable home price assumes the industry's average earner uses 30% of gross income for housing, with a 30-year mortgage at 7%, 5% down, $2,500/yr taxes & insurance, and 0.5% PMI. Adjust the Section 3 calculator for other terms. Affordable rent is 30% of monthly gross pay.

Source: BLS QCEW Annual Averages, 2024; ACS 5-year 2024 (median home value).

Section 5

Wages by Occupation

Selected essential-worker occupations for the MSA or nonmetropolitan area containing this county — jobs, the 10-year change, wages, and the housing each typical earner can afford. Both jobs counts and wages are reported at the MSA / nonmetropolitan-area level (BLS does not publish OEWS at the county level), so every county inside the same area shows the same numbers. For county-accurate employment totals, see Section 4 above.

Occupational wages and affordable housing

Occupation	2025 jobs	2015–2025 change	% change	Hourly wage	Annual wage	Affordable home price	Affordable monthly rent
Fast Food and Counter Workers SOC 35-3023 · prior-year code differs	4,780	710	17%	$14.65	$30,480	$82,437	$762
Cashiers SOC 41-2011	3,090	(900)	(23%)	$14.96	$31,110	$84,782	$778
Childcare Workers SOC 39-9011	320	30	10%	$15.53	$32,310	$89,249	$808
Retail Salespersons SOC 41-2031	4,220	180	4%	$16.57	$34,460	$97,252	$862
Janitors and Cleaners SOC 37-2011	1,800	(1,250)	(41%)	$16.94	$35,240	$100,156	$881
Home Health and Personal Care Aides SOC 31-1131 · prior-year code differs	2,890	780	37%	$18.29	$38,040	$110,578	$951
Waiters and Waitresses SOC 35-3031	2,540	(100)	(4%)	$19.19	$39,920	$117,576	$998
Construction Laborers SOC 47-2061	1,060	570	116%	$20.58	$42,810	$128,334	$1,070
Tellers SOC 43-3071	280	(200)	(42%)	$21.57	$44,870	$136,002	$1,122
Office Clerks, General SOC 43-9061	2,780	(60)	(2%)	$21.89	$45,540	$138,496	$1,139
Maintenance and Repair Workers, General SOC 49-9071	1,740	660	61%	$23.34	$48,550	$149,700	$1,214
Carpenters SOC 47-2031	390	40	11%	$24.36	$50,660	$157,554	$1,267
Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters SOC 47-2152	490	90	23%	$24.62	$51,200	$159,564	$1,280
Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers SOC 53-3032	1,370	700	104%	$24.93	$51,850	$161,984	$1,296
Firefighters SOC 33-2011	550	170	45%	$25.97	$54,010	$170,024	$1,350
Electricians SOC 47-2111	650	110	20%	$26.09	$54,270	$170,992	$1,357
Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education SOC 25-2021	1,370	380	38%	—	$56,820	$180,484	$1,421
Paramedics SOC 29-2043 · prior-year code differs	110	50	83%	$28.04	$58,330	$186,105	$1,458
Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers SOC 33-3051	720	70	11%	$29.94	$62,270	$200,771	$1,557
Registered Nurses SOC 29-1141	7,470	1,840	33%	$42.32	$88,020	$296,621	$2,201

Affordable home price uses the same Section 3 formula (30% housing budget, 30-year mortgage at 7%, 5% down, $2,500/yr T&I, 0.5% PMI). Affordable rent is 30% of monthly wages. Negative job-change values are shown in red parentheses. A "prior-year code differs" note flags occupations whose SOC code changed between the two vintages (2010 SOC → 2018 SOC) — the change estimate is best-effort.

Source: BLS OEWS May 2025 (10-year change vs. May 2015). Jobs counts and wages reflect the MSA or nonmetropolitan area containing this county, not the county alone — OEWS is not published at the county level.

Methodology & sources

All figures derive from the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates. State and national comparisons are population-weighted aggregates of county-level estimates (an approximation; ACS publishes its own state and national medians which can differ slightly).

The affordability calculator uses a 30% housing-budget rule with a 30-year mortgage. Defaults are 7% interest, 5% down, $2,500/year taxes and insurance, and 0.5% PMI — adjustable above.

Variables: 12001 · pulled from Full Housing Data Table.xlsx.