Michigan · GEOID 26163

Wayne County

2024 ACS 5-year estimates · population 1,772,259 · 801,083 housing units

Median household income

$60,539

State $74,099

Median home value

$178,500

State $237,564

Median gross rent

$1,132

State $1,136

Homeownership rate

64.8%

State 73.2%

Renter cost-burden rate

54.3%

≥30% of income

Owner cost-burden rate

23.0%

≥30% of income

Homeowner vacancy

1.5%

Of owner-occupied + for-sale units

Rental vacancy

4.6%

Of renter-occupied + for-rent units

Overall vacancy

12.5%

All housing units

Price-to-income ratio

2.95

Affordable: 2.0–3.0

Section 1

Community Profile

Population, demographics, household composition, and income.

Community Data Summary

	Wayne County	Michigan
Population	1,772,259	10,077,761
Population density (per sq. mi.)	2,896.61	—
Median household income	$60,539	$74,099
HUD Area Median Income (4-person, 100%)	$104,800	—
Households	700,591	—
Average household size	2.50 people	—
Owner-occupied	64.8%	73.2%
Renter-occupied	35.2%	26.8%
Race	49.2% White · 36.8% Black	0.0% White · 0.0% Black

Source: ACS 5-year 2024 (Tables DP05, S1101, DP04, S1901) and Census Gazetteer (land area); HUD FY2026 Income Limits.

Racial composition

Wayne County compared with Michigan.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table DP05.

Educational attainment (population 25+)

27.6% hold a bachelor's degree or higher (state: 32.4%).

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S1501.

Median Household Income by Tenure

Owner-occupied vs. renter-occupied household income, county and state.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25119.

Median Household Income by Age of Householder

Median household income by age group of householder.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B19049.

Median Household Income by Number of Earners

Median household income for families with each earner count.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S1903.

Household Size

Distribution of households by number of people.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2501.

Income by Number of Earners

Earners	Share	Median income	Attainable monthly housing cost	Attainable home
0 earners	17.0%	$39,703	$993	$116,769
1 earner	36.6%	$55,067	$1,377	$173,959
2 earners	34.7%	$113,810	$2,845	$392,620
3+ earners	11.6%	$146,836	$3,671	$515,554

Attainable monthly housing cost = 30% of gross income ÷ 12. Attainable home price assumes 30% housing budget, 30-yr mortgage at 7%, 5% down.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S1903; affordability formula derived.

Households

700,591

Average size: 2.50 people

Households with children

175,758

25.1% of households

Per-capita income

$34,906

Poverty rate: 18.6%

Section 2

Residential Market Analysis

Housing stock characteristics — tenure, type, age, size, vacancy, rents.

Tenure

64.8% owner-occupied vs. state average 73.2%.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table DP04.

Structure type

Single-family share 75.6% · Missing middle (2–19 units) 14.0%.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25024.

Housing stock by decade

79.1% built before 1980 · Median structure age 1,956.00 yrs.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2504.

Housing size mismatch

Compares the share of housing units by bedroom count against the share of households by size — a common diagnostic of housing supply/demand alignment.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Tables B25041 (bedrooms) and S2501 (household size).

Home value distribution

Owner-occupied homes by value bracket. Median: $178,500.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table DP04.

Monthly Housing Costs

Distribution of monthly housing costs across all occupied units.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25104.

Number of Bedrooms

Housing units by number of bedrooms.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25041.

Median rent by bedroom

Overall median gross rent: $1,132.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25031.

Renters by age

Number of renter householders by age bracket.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2502.

Owners by age

Number of owner householders by age bracket.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2502.

Vacancy composition

All 100,492 vacant units split into Census's seven categories. Frictional vacancy (units actively on the market) reflects healthy churn. Structural vacancy (seasonal, migrant, other) sits outside the market for year-round residents — high values change how the headline vacancy rate should be read.

Vacant units by type

For sale 7.1% · For rent 11.9% · Seasonal 2.9% · Other 68.7%.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25004.

Frictional vs structural

28.5% of vacancy is frictional (for sale + for rent + rented/sold not yet occupied); 71.5% is structural (seasonal + migrant + other).

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25004.

Seasonal / recreational share of all housing

0.4%

2,887 units of 801,083 total

Housing units held for seasonal or recreational use.

"Other vacant" share of all housing

8.6%

69,006 units of 801,083 total

⚑ Above the 5% threshold — possible indicator of disinvestment, abandonment, or condemned stock.

Section 3

Workforce Housing Needs Assessment

Affordability, cost burden, and the housing options for households in the workforce income range.

Workforce range — ACS median household income

80% MHI$48,431

100% MHI$60,539

120% MHI$72,647

County-wide median from ACS 5-year estimates. A household at 100% MHI in Wayne County should be able to afford a home up to roughly — (30% housing budget, default mortgage terms).

Workforce range — HUD Area Median Income

	1-person	2-person	4-person
80% AMI	$58,700	$67,100	$83,850
100% AMI	$73,360	$83,840	$104,800
120% AMI	$88,050	$100,600	$125,750

HUD FMR Area: Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI HUD Metro FMR Area. 80% AMI uses HUD's published Section 8 Low Income Limits; 100% is HUD MFI; 120% is the standard workforce convention.

Affordability calculator

Follows the standard 30%-of-gross-income affordability rule.

Income basis Household income Interest rate % Down payment % Taxes & insurance / yr

Affordable monthly—

Affordable home price—

Renter cost burden

54.3% of renter households spend ≥30% of income on rent (30.9% spend ≥50%).

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25070.

Owner cost burden by income

23.0% of homeowners spend ≥30% of income on housing. Bars show counts of cost-burdened owners by income bracket.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25106.

Household income — owners vs renters

Distribution of household income for owner-occupied (navy) and renter-occupied (gold) households.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25118.

Section 4

Industry & Workforce Wages

Employment, average wages, and the housing each industry's typical earner can afford in Wayne County.

Covered employment

680,434

Across 19 sectors

Establishments

35,173

QCEW 2024

Avg annual pay (workforce)

$75,355

Employment-weighted across sectors

Top 10 sectors by employment

Annual average employment by NAICS 2-digit sector. Counties with fewer than five covered establishments in a sector may show suppressed totals.

Source: BLS QCEW Annual Averages, 2024.

Attainable housing by industry

Industry	Employment	Avg annual wage	Affordable home price	vs. median value	Affordable monthly rent
NAICS 62 Health care and social assistance NAICS 62	119,513	$70,574	$231,681	+$53,181	$1,764
NAICS 31-33 Manufacturing NAICS 31-33	89,659	$91,120	$308,160	+$129,660	$2,278
NAICS 44-45 Retail trade NAICS 44-45	64,088	$40,529	$119,843	−$58,657	$1,013
NAICS 48-49 Transportation and warehousing NAICS 48-49	63,305	$70,860	$232,745	+$54,245	$1,772
NAICS 72 Accommodation and food services NAICS 72	60,098	$29,403	$78,428	−$100,072	$735
NAICS 54 Professional, scientific, and technical services NAICS 54	54,228	$123,433	$428,440	+$249,940	$3,086
NAICS 61 Educational services NAICS 61	39,376	$62,951	$203,305	+$24,805	$1,574
NAICS 56 Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services NAICS 56	38,789	$57,550	$183,201	+$4,701	$1,439
NAICS 92 Public administration NAICS 92	31,060	$82,494	$276,051	+$97,551	$2,062
NAICS 52 Finance and insurance NAICS 52	27,382	$109,678	$377,239	+$198,739	$2,742
NAICS 23 Construction NAICS 23	23,670	$89,870	$303,507	+$125,007	$2,247
NAICS 81 Other services (except public administration) NAICS 81	22,945	$46,865	$143,428	−$35,072	$1,172
NAICS 55 Management of companies and enterprises NAICS 55	19,605	$164,418	$581,000	+$402,500	$4,110
NAICS 71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation NAICS 71	10,748	$106,858	$366,742	+$188,242	$2,671
NAICS 53 Real estate and rental and leasing NAICS 53	7,272	$70,657	$231,990	+$53,490	$1,766
NAICS 51 Information NAICS 51	5,836	$100,516	$343,135	+$164,635	$2,513
NAICS 99 Unclassified NAICS 99	1,680	$50,125	$155,563	−$22,937	$1,253
NAICS 11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting NAICS 11	598	$46,315	$141,381	−$37,119	$1,158
NAICS 21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction NAICS 21	582	$107,433	$368,883	+$190,383	$2,686

Subsector	Employment	Avg annual wage	Affordable home price	vs. median value	Affordable monthly rent
NAICS 541 Professional, scientific, and technical services NAICS 541	54,228	$123,433	$428,440	+$249,940	$3,086
NAICS 622 Hospitals NAICS 622	53,755	$87,903	$296,185	+$117,685	$2,198
NAICS 722 Food services and drinking places NAICS 722	51,552	$26,089	$66,093	−$112,407	$652
NAICS 336 Transportation equipment manufacturing NAICS 336	50,583	$96,437	$327,952	+$149,452	$2,411
NAICS 611 Educational services NAICS 611	39,376	$62,951	$203,305	+$24,805	$1,574
NAICS 561 Administrative and support services NAICS 561	35,627	$56,004	$177,446	−$1,054	$1,400
NAICS 621 Ambulatory health care services NAICS 621	33,563	$70,394	$231,011	+$52,511	$1,760
NAICS 921 Executive, legislative, and other general government support NAICS 921	23,962	$73,927	$244,162	+$65,662	$1,848
NAICS 493 Warehousing and storage NAICS 493	23,339	$54,675	$172,499	−$6,001	$1,367
NAICS 551 Management of companies and enterprises NAICS 551	19,605	$164,418	$581,000	+$402,500	$4,110
NAICS 624 Social assistance NAICS 624	18,368	$42,924	$128,758	−$49,742	$1,073
NAICS 455 General merchandise retailers NAICS 455	16,273	$32,671	$90,593	−$87,907	$817
NAICS 522 Credit intermediation and related activities NAICS 522	15,762	$111,400	$383,649	+$205,149	$2,785
NAICS 238 Specialty trade contractors NAICS 238	15,689	$86,950	$292,638	+$114,138	$2,174
NAICS 623 Nursing and residential care facilities NAICS 623	15,459	$44,041	$132,916	−$45,584	$1,101
NAICS 423 Merchant wholesalers, durable goods NAICS 423	15,401	$108,653	$373,424	+$194,924	$2,716
NAICS 445 Food and beverage retailers NAICS 445	13,216	$33,434	$93,433	−$85,067	$836
NAICS 481 Air transportation NAICS 481	10,448	$124,968	$434,154	+$255,654	$3,124
NAICS 484 Truck transportation NAICS 484	10,288	$72,205	$237,752	+$59,252	$1,805
NAICS 524 Insurance carriers and related activities NAICS 524	9,929	$94,722	$321,568	+$143,068	$2,368
NAICS 441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers NAICS 441	9,272	$73,461	$242,427	+$63,927	$1,837
NAICS 721 Accommodation NAICS 721	8,546	$49,388	$152,819	−$25,681	$1,235
NAICS 424 Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods NAICS 424	8,105	$83,922	$281,367	+$102,867	$2,098
NAICS 332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing NAICS 332	8,030	$75,410	$249,682	+$71,182	$1,885
NAICS 811 Repair and maintenance NAICS 811	7,560	$53,170	$166,897	−$11,603	$1,329
NAICS 812 Personal and laundry services NAICS 812	7,516	$34,760	$98,369	−$80,131	$869
NAICS 333 Machinery manufacturing NAICS 333	7,267	$97,035	$330,178	+$151,678	$2,426
NAICS 488 Support activities for transportation NAICS 488	7,154	$59,903	$191,960	+$13,460	$1,498
NAICS 813 Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations NAICS 813	7,066	$55,311	$174,867	−$3,633	$1,383
NAICS 456 Health and personal care retailers NAICS 456	5,662	$45,409	$138,008	−$40,492	$1,135
NAICS 444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers NAICS 444	5,649	$42,269	$126,320	−$52,180	$1,057
NAICS 459 Sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book, and miscellaneous retailers NAICS 459	5,416	$30,676	$83,167	−$95,333	$767
NAICS 236 Construction of buildings NAICS 236	5,254	$91,639	$310,092	+$131,592	$2,291
NAICS 491 Postal service NAICS 491	5,088	$68,232	$222,963	+$44,463	$1,706
NAICS 492 Couriers and messengers NAICS 492	4,986	$49,619	$153,679	−$24,821	$1,240
NAICS 713 Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries NAICS 713	4,410	$31,657	$86,819	−$91,681	$791
NAICS 711 Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries NAICS 711	4,350	$212,755	$760,927	+$582,427	$5,319
NAICS 311 Food manufacturing NAICS 311	4,168	$50,064	$155,336	−$23,164	$1,252
NAICS 531 Real estate NAICS 531	4,085	$71,180	$233,937	+$55,437	$1,780
NAICS 922 Justice, public order, and safety activities NAICS 922	4,028	$116,395	$402,242	+$223,742	$2,910
NAICS 325 Chemical manufacturing NAICS 325	3,497	$105,126	$360,295	+$181,795	$2,628
NAICS 457 Gasoline stations and fuel dealers NAICS 457	3,482	$28,187	$73,902	−$104,598	$705
NAICS 458 Clothing, clothing accessories, shoe, and jewelry retailers NAICS 458	3,264	$26,125	$66,227	−$112,273	$653
NAICS 562 Waste management and remediation services NAICS 562	3,162	$74,965	$248,026	+$69,526	$1,874
NAICS 532 Rental and leasing services NAICS 532	3,119	$69,727	$228,528	+$50,028	$1,743
NAICS 237 Heavy and civil engineering construction NAICS 237	2,727	$103,260	$353,349	+$174,849	$2,582
NAICS 926 Administration of economic programs NAICS 926	2,434	$90,605	$306,243	+$127,743	$2,265
NAICS 322 Paper manufacturing NAICS 322	2,101	$60,267	$193,315	+$14,815	$1,507
NAICS 331 Primary metal manufacturing NAICS 331	2,101	$102,520	$350,595	+$172,095	$2,563
NAICS 712 Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions NAICS 712	1,988	$41,961	$125,174	−$53,326	$1,049
NAICS 334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing NAICS 334	1,889	$98,760	$336,599	+$158,099	$2,469
NAICS 449 Furniture, home furnishings, electronics, and appliance retailers NAICS 449	1,853	$52,534	$164,530	−$13,970	$1,313
NAICS 339 Miscellaneous manufacturing NAICS 339	1,682	$69,025	$225,915	+$47,415	$1,726
NAICS 999 Unclassified NAICS 999	1,680	$50,125	$155,563	−$22,937	$1,253
NAICS 312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing NAICS 312	1,603	$60,904	$195,686	+$17,186	$1,523
NAICS 326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing NAICS 326	1,542	$80,487	$268,580	+$90,080	$2,012
NAICS 517 Telecommunications NAICS 517	1,492	$95,604	$324,851	+$146,351	$2,390
NAICS 485 Transit and ground passenger transportation NAICS 485	1,425	$45,559	$138,567	−$39,933	$1,139
NAICS 523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investments and related activities NAICS 523	1,393	$196,153	$699,128	+$520,628	$4,904
NAICS 513 Publishing industries NAICS 513	1,248	$112,549	$387,926	+$209,426	$2,814
NAICS 518 Computing infrastructure providers, data processing, web hosting, and related services NAICS 518	1,232	$102,682	$351,198	+$172,698	$2,567
NAICS 327 Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing NAICS 327	1,044	$120,156	$416,242	+$237,742	$3,004
NAICS 923 Administration of human resource programs NAICS 923	977	$100,805	$344,211	+$165,711	$2,520
NAICS 323 Printing and related support activities NAICS 323	886	$61,186	$196,736	+$18,236	$1,530
NAICS 512 Motion picture and sound recording industries NAICS 512	820	$49,187	$152,071	−$26,429	$1,230
NAICS 814 Private households NAICS 814	804	$26,448	$67,429	−$111,071	$661
NAICS 324 Petroleum and coal products manufacturing NAICS 324	767	$141,451	$495,509	+$317,009	$3,536
NAICS 337 Furniture and related product manufacturing NAICS 337	707	$92,018	$311,503	+$133,003	$2,300
NAICS 315 Apparel manufacturing NAICS 315	686	$151,464	$532,781	+$354,281	$3,787
NAICS 519 Web search portals, libraries, archives, and other information services NAICS 519	669	$151,961	$534,631	+$356,131	$3,799
NAICS 486 Pipeline transportation NAICS 486	524	$134,659	$470,227	+$291,727	$3,366
NAICS 212 Mining (except oil and gas) NAICS 212	516	$109,352	$376,026	+$197,526	$2,734
NAICS 928 National security and international affairs NAICS 928	495	$131,931	$460,072	+$281,572	$3,298
NAICS 111 Crop production NAICS 111	452	$41,344	$122,877	−$55,623	$1,034
NAICS 335 Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing NAICS 335	439	$89,770	$303,135	+$124,635	$2,244
NAICS 321 Wood product manufacturing NAICS 321	414	$56,686	$179,985	+$1,485	$1,417
NAICS 516 Broadcasting and content providers NAICS 516	376	$93,101	$315,534	+$137,034	$2,328
NAICS 925 Administration of housing programs, urban planning, and community development NAICS 925	289	$97,602	$332,288	+$153,788	$2,440
NAICS 314 Textile product mills NAICS 314	218	$73,313	$241,876	+$63,376	$1,833
NAICS 924 Administration of environmental quality programs NAICS 924	104	$79,612	$265,323	+$86,823	$1,990
NAICS 115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry NAICS 115	95	$53,532	$168,245	−$10,255	$1,338
NAICS 533 Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets (except copyrighted works) NAICS 533	68	$81,861	$273,695	+$95,195	$2,047
NAICS 213 Support activities for mining NAICS 213	34	$101,070	$345,197	+$166,697	$2,527
NAICS 211 Oil and gas extraction NAICS 211	32	$83,254	$278,880	+$100,380	$2,081

Affordable home price assumes the industry's average earner uses 30% of gross income for housing, with a 30-year mortgage at 7%, 5% down, $2,500/yr taxes & insurance, and 0.5% PMI. Adjust the Section 3 calculator for other terms. Affordable rent is 30% of monthly gross pay.

Source: BLS QCEW Annual Averages, 2024; ACS 5-year 2024 (median home value).

Section 5

Wages by Occupation

Selected essential-worker occupations for the MSA or nonmetropolitan area containing this county — jobs, the 10-year change, wages, and the housing each typical earner can afford. Both jobs counts and wages are reported at the MSA / nonmetropolitan-area level (BLS does not publish OEWS at the county level), so every county inside the same area shows the same numbers. For county-accurate employment totals, see Section 4 above.

Occupational wages and affordable housing

Occupation	2025 jobs	2015–2025 change	% change	Hourly wage	Annual wage	Affordable home price	Affordable monthly rent
Fast Food and Counter Workers SOC 35-3023 · prior-year code differs	42,430	(10,780)	(20%)	$14.84	$30,860	$83,852	$772
Cashiers SOC 41-2011	37,910	—	—	$15.41	$32,050	$88,281	$801
Childcare Workers SOC 39-9011	5,810	—	—	$16.27	$33,840	$94,944	$846
Janitors and Cleaners SOC 37-2011	26,810	(140)	(1%)	$18.16	$37,780	$109,610	$945
Retail Salespersons SOC 41-2031	48,610	—	—	$18.77	$39,030	$114,263	$976
Home Health and Personal Care Aides SOC 31-1131 · prior-year code differs	17,300	(18,400)	(52%)	$20.18	$41,980	$125,244	$1,050
Tellers SOC 43-3071	5,130	(710)	(12%)	$21.06	$43,810	$132,056	$1,095
Waiters and Waitresses SOC 35-3031	29,210	(7,310)	(20%)	$21.67	$45,080	$136,784	$1,127
Office Clerks, General SOC 43-9061	34,570	(14,710)	(30%)	$22.60	$47,000	$143,930	$1,175
Maintenance and Repair Workers, General SOC 49-9071	16,190	(840)	(5%)	$24.92	$51,830	$161,909	$1,296
Construction Laborers SOC 47-2061	11,610	2,340	25%	$26.91	$55,960	$177,283	$1,399
Paramedics SOC 29-2043 · prior-year code differs	890	(1,510)	(63%)	$27.44	$57,080	$181,452	$1,427
Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers SOC 53-3032	25,780	5,460	27%	$27.92	$58,070	$185,137	$1,452
Firefighters SOC 33-2011	3,520	1,120	47%	$29.78	$61,940	$199,542	$1,549
Carpenters SOC 47-2031	7,610	880	13%	$32.10	$66,770	$217,521	$1,669
Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education SOC 25-2021	18,390	2,760	18%	—	$72,730	$239,706	$1,818
Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers SOC 33-3051	7,860	90	1%	$35.61	$74,070	$244,694	$1,852
Electricians SOC 47-2111	11,210	2,110	23%	$38.10	$79,240	$263,939	$1,981
Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters SOC 47-2152	5,520	1,020	23%	$39.28	$81,710	$273,133	$2,043
Registered Nurses SOC 29-1141	44,310	5,180	13%	$45.90	$95,460	$324,315	$2,387

Affordable home price uses the same Section 3 formula (30% housing budget, 30-year mortgage at 7%, 5% down, $2,500/yr T&I, 0.5% PMI). Affordable rent is 30% of monthly wages. Negative job-change values are shown in red parentheses. A "prior-year code differs" note flags occupations whose SOC code changed between the two vintages (2010 SOC → 2018 SOC) — the change estimate is best-effort.

Source: BLS OEWS May 2025 (10-year change vs. May 2015). Jobs counts and wages reflect the MSA or nonmetropolitan area containing this county, not the county alone — OEWS is not published at the county level.

Methodology & sources

All figures derive from the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates. State and national comparisons are population-weighted aggregates of county-level estimates (an approximation; ACS publishes its own state and national medians which can differ slightly).

The affordability calculator uses a 30% housing-budget rule with a 30-year mortgage. Defaults are 7% interest, 5% down, $2,500/year taxes and insurance, and 0.5% PMI — adjustable above.

Variables: 26163 · pulled from Full Housing Data Table.xlsx.