New York · GEOID 36111

Ulster County

2024 ACS 5-year estimates · population 182,601 · 86,503 housing units

Median household income

$86,271

State $89,823

Median home value

$352,500

State $488,843

Median gross rent

$1,425

State $1,707

Homeownership rate

69.9%

State 54.3%

Renter cost-burden rate

57.2%

≥30% of income

Owner cost-burden rate

27.3%

≥30% of income

Homeowner vacancy

1.1%

Of owner-occupied + for-sale units

Rental vacancy

4.9%

Of renter-occupied + for-rent units

Overall vacancy

14.1%

All housing units

Price-to-income ratio

4.09

Affordable: 2.0–3.0

Section 1

Community Profile

Population, demographics, household composition, and income.

Community Data Summary

	Ulster County	New York
Population	182,601	19,852,366
Population density (per sq. mi.)	162.42	—
Median household income	$86,271	$89,823
HUD Area Median Income (4-person, 100%)	$117,300	—
Households	74,278	—
Average household size	2.26 people	—
Owner-occupied	69.9%	54.3%
Renter-occupied	30.1%	45.7%
Race	74.6% White · 6.2% Black	0.0% White · 0.0% Black

Source: ACS 5-year 2024 (Tables DP05, S1101, DP04, S1901) and Census Gazetteer (land area); HUD FY2026 Income Limits.

Racial composition

Ulster County compared with New York.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table DP05.

Educational attainment (population 25+)

38.2% hold a bachelor's degree or higher (state: 40.2%).

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S1501.

Median Household Income by Tenure

Owner-occupied vs. renter-occupied household income, county and state.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25119.

Median Household Income by Age of Householder

Median household income by age group of householder.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B19049.

Median Household Income by Number of Earners

Median household income for families with each earner count.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S1903.

Household Size

Distribution of households by number of people.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2501.

Income by Number of Earners

Earners	Share	Median income	Attainable monthly housing cost	Attainable home
0 earners	15.7%	$61,487	$1,537	$197,856
1 earner	30.4%	$83,441	$2,086	$279,576
2 earners	42.0%	$141,889	$3,547	$497,139
3+ earners	11.9%	$184,081	$4,602	$654,192

Attainable monthly housing cost = 30% of gross income ÷ 12. Attainable home price assumes 30% housing budget, 30-yr mortgage at 7%, 5% down.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S1903; affordability formula derived.

Households

74,278

Average size: 2.26 people

Households with children

15,250

20.5% of households

Per-capita income

$47,778

Poverty rate: 16.7%

Section 2

Residential Market Analysis

Housing stock characteristics — tenure, type, age, size, vacancy, rents.

Tenure

69.9% owner-occupied vs. state average 54.3%.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table DP04.

Structure type

Single-family share 70.9% · Missing middle (2–19 units) 19.9%.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25024.

Housing stock by decade

66.0% built before 1980 · Median structure age 1,966.00 yrs.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2504.

Housing size mismatch

Compares the share of housing units by bedroom count against the share of households by size — a common diagnostic of housing supply/demand alignment.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Tables B25041 (bedrooms) and S2501 (household size).

Home value distribution

Owner-occupied homes by value bracket. Median: $352,500.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table DP04.

Monthly Housing Costs

Distribution of monthly housing costs across all occupied units.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25104.

Number of Bedrooms

Housing units by number of bedrooms.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25041.

Median rent by bedroom

Overall median gross rent: $1,425.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25031.

Renters by age

Number of renter householders by age bracket.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2502.

Owners by age

Number of owner householders by age bracket.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2502.

Vacancy composition

All 12,225 vacant units split into Census's seven categories. Frictional vacancy (units actively on the market) reflects healthy churn. Structural vacancy (seasonal, migrant, other) sits outside the market for year-round residents — high values change how the headline vacancy rate should be read.

Vacant units by type

For sale 4.7% · For rent 9.6% · Seasonal 51.0% · Other 27.2%.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25004.

Frictional vs structural

21.1% of vacancy is frictional (for sale + for rent + rented/sold not yet occupied); 78.9% is structural (seasonal + migrant + other).

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25004.

Seasonal / recreational share of all housing

7.2%

6,233 units of 86,503 total

Housing units held for seasonal or recreational use.

"Other vacant" share of all housing

3.8%

3,327 units of 86,503 total

Census "Other vacant" — units off the market for reasons other than seasonal, migrant, sale, or rental.

Section 3

Workforce Housing Needs Assessment

Affordability, cost burden, and the housing options for households in the workforce income range.

Workforce range — ACS median household income

80% MHI$69,017

100% MHI$86,271

120% MHI$103,525

County-wide median from ACS 5-year estimates. A household at 100% MHI in Ulster County should be able to afford a home up to roughly — (30% housing budget, default mortgage terms).

Workforce range — HUD Area Median Income

	1-person	2-person	4-person
80% AMI	$65,700	$75,100	$93,850
100% AMI	$82,110	$93,840	$117,300
120% AMI	$98,550	$112,600	$140,750

HUD FMR Area: Kingston, NY MSA. 80% AMI uses HUD's published Section 8 Low Income Limits; 100% is HUD MFI; 120% is the standard workforce convention.

Affordability calculator

Follows the standard 30%-of-gross-income affordability rule.

Income basis Household income Interest rate % Down payment % Taxes & insurance / yr

Affordable monthly—

Affordable home price—

Renter cost burden

57.2% of renter households spend ≥30% of income on rent (33.4% spend ≥50%).

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25070.

Owner cost burden by income

27.3% of homeowners spend ≥30% of income on housing. Bars show counts of cost-burdened owners by income bracket.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25106.

Household income — owners vs renters

Distribution of household income for owner-occupied (navy) and renter-occupied (gold) households.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25118.

Section 4

Industry & Workforce Wages

Employment, average wages, and the housing each industry's typical earner can afford in Ulster County.

Covered employment

54,067

Across 19 sectors

Establishments

5,705

QCEW 2024

Avg annual pay (workforce)

$59,689

Employment-weighted across sectors

Top 10 sectors by employment

Annual average employment by NAICS 2-digit sector. Counties with fewer than five covered establishments in a sector may show suppressed totals.

Source: BLS QCEW Annual Averages, 2024.

Attainable housing by industry

Industry	Employment	Avg annual wage	Affordable home price	vs. median value	Affordable monthly rent
NAICS 62 Health care and social assistance NAICS 62	8,279	$62,000	$199,766	−$152,734	$1,550
NAICS 44-45 Retail trade NAICS 44-45	8,073	$40,727	$120,580	−$231,920	$1,018
NAICS 72 Accommodation and food services NAICS 72	7,822	$33,623	$94,137	−$258,363	$841
NAICS 61 Educational services NAICS 61	5,801	$71,452	$234,949	−$117,551	$1,786
NAICS 92 Public administration NAICS 92	5,699	$92,384	$312,865	−$39,635	$2,310
NAICS 31-33 Manufacturing NAICS 31-33	3,388	$66,089	$214,986	−$137,514	$1,652
NAICS 23 Construction NAICS 23	2,909	$73,553	$242,770	−$109,730	$1,839
NAICS 81 Other services (except public administration) NAICS 81	2,217	$38,874	$113,683	−$238,817	$972
NAICS 56 Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services NAICS 56	2,132	$61,828	$199,125	−$153,375	$1,546
NAICS 54 Professional, scientific, and technical services NAICS 54	1,652	$77,232	$256,464	−$96,036	$1,931
NAICS 52 Finance and insurance NAICS 52	1,265	$86,085	$289,418	−$63,082	$2,152
NAICS 11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting NAICS 11	1,034	$43,362	$130,389	−$222,111	$1,084
NAICS 51 Information NAICS 51	904	$75,614	$250,441	−$102,059	$1,890
NAICS 71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation NAICS 71	859	$37,592	$108,911	−$243,589	$940
NAICS 53 Real estate and rental and leasing NAICS 53	660	$66,012	$214,700	−$137,800	$1,650
NAICS 55 Management of companies and enterprises NAICS 55	540	$75,888	$251,461	−$101,039	$1,897
NAICS 48-49 Transportation and warehousing NAICS 48-49	416	$78,958	$262,889	−$89,611	$1,974
NAICS 99 Unclassified NAICS 99	307	$55,396	$175,183	−$177,317	$1,385
NAICS 21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction NAICS 21	110	$80,970	$270,378	−$82,122	$2,024

Subsector	Employment	Avg annual wage	Affordable home price	vs. median value	Affordable monthly rent
NAICS 611 Educational services NAICS 611	5,801	$71,452	$234,949	−$117,551	$1,786
NAICS 722 Food services and drinking places NAICS 722	5,248	$28,020	$73,280	−$279,220	$701
NAICS 921 Executive, legislative, and other general government support NAICS 921	3,398	$56,555	$179,497	−$173,003	$1,414
NAICS 623 Nursing and residential care facilities NAICS 623	3,142	$64,590	$209,406	−$143,094	$1,615
NAICS 621 Ambulatory health care services NAICS 621	2,795	$65,798	$213,903	−$138,597	$1,645
NAICS 721 Accommodation NAICS 721	2,574	$45,046	$136,657	−$215,843	$1,126
NAICS 445 Food and beverage retailers NAICS 445	2,404	$35,069	$99,519	−$252,981	$877
NAICS 561 Administrative and support services NAICS 561	1,925	$60,500	$194,182	−$158,318	$1,513
NAICS 238 Specialty trade contractors NAICS 238	1,842	$71,650	$235,686	−$116,814	$1,791
NAICS 922 Justice, public order, and safety activities NAICS 922	1,674	$157,828	$556,470	+$203,970	$3,946
NAICS 541 Professional, scientific, and technical services NAICS 541	1,652	$77,232	$256,464	−$96,036	$1,931
NAICS 624 Social assistance NAICS 624	1,543	$40,585	$120,052	−$232,448	$1,015
NAICS 455 General merchandise retailers NAICS 455	1,302	$30,165	$81,265	−$271,235	$754
NAICS 622 Hospitals NAICS 622	1,233	$101,391	$346,392	−$6,108	$2,535
NAICS 485 Transit and ground passenger transportation NAICS 485	1,032	$46,864	$143,424	−$209,076	$1,172
NAICS 459 Sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book, and miscellaneous retailers NAICS 459	898	$41,406	$123,108	−$229,392	$1,035
NAICS 441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers NAICS 441	868	$63,627	$205,822	−$146,678	$1,591
NAICS 444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers NAICS 444	868	$41,665	$124,072	−$228,428	$1,042
NAICS 236 Construction of buildings NAICS 236	847	$71,412	$234,800	−$117,700	$1,785
NAICS 457 Gasoline stations and fuel dealers NAICS 457	832	$45,497	$138,336	−$214,164	$1,137
NAICS 333 Machinery manufacturing NAICS 333	814	$81,934	$273,967	−$78,533	$2,048
NAICS 813 Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations NAICS 813	797	$37,214	$107,504	−$244,996	$930
NAICS 111 Crop production NAICS 111	792	$37,776	$109,596	−$242,904	$944
NAICS 424 Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods NAICS 424	730	$61,754	$198,850	−$153,650	$1,544
NAICS 812 Personal and laundry services NAICS 812	726	$30,980	$84,299	−$268,201	$775
NAICS 522 Credit intermediation and related activities NAICS 522	709	$71,084	$233,579	−$118,921	$1,777
NAICS 811 Repair and maintenance NAICS 811	636	$48,991	$151,342	−$201,158	$1,225
NAICS 423 Merchant wholesalers, durable goods NAICS 423	568	$74,506	$246,317	−$106,183	$1,863
NAICS 551 Management of companies and enterprises NAICS 551	540	$75,888	$251,461	−$101,039	$1,897
NAICS 924 Administration of environmental quality programs NAICS 924	490	$109,073	$374,987	+$22,487	$2,727
NAICS 531 Real estate NAICS 531	484	$63,954	$207,039	−$145,461	$1,599
NAICS 311 Food manufacturing NAICS 311	444	$51,170	$159,453	−$193,047	$1,279
NAICS 456 Health and personal care retailers NAICS 456	413	$49,384	$152,805	−$199,695	$1,235
NAICS 524 Insurance carriers and related activities NAICS 524	413	$94,900	$322,230	−$30,270	$2,373
NAICS 713 Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries NAICS 713	413	$23,748	$57,379	−$295,121	$594
NAICS 312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing NAICS 312	376	$49,089	$151,706	−$200,794	$1,227
NAICS 335 Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing NAICS 335	324	$78,084	$259,636	−$92,864	$1,952
NAICS 484 Truck transportation NAICS 484	322	$57,995	$184,858	−$167,642	$1,450
NAICS 491 Postal service NAICS 491	310	$71,905	$236,635	−$115,865	$1,798
NAICS 999 Unclassified NAICS 999	307	$55,396	$175,183	−$177,317	$1,385
NAICS 711 Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries NAICS 711	291	$56,950	$180,968	−$171,532	$1,424
NAICS 458 Clothing, clothing accessories, shoe, and jewelry retailers NAICS 458	284	$34,323	$96,742	−$255,758	$858
NAICS 332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing NAICS 332	283	$65,895	$214,264	−$138,236	$1,647
NAICS 327 Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing NAICS 327	236	$78,022	$259,405	−$93,095	$1,951
NAICS 339 Miscellaneous manufacturing NAICS 339	221	$60,858	$195,515	−$156,985	$1,521
NAICS 237 Heavy and civil engineering construction NAICS 237	220	$97,733	$332,776	−$19,724	$2,443
NAICS 513 Publishing industries NAICS 513	218	$116,315	$401,944	+$49,444	$2,908
NAICS 519 Web search portals, libraries, archives, and other information services NAICS 519	208	$32,920	$91,520	−$260,980	$823
NAICS 562 Waste management and remediation services NAICS 562	208	$73,817	$243,752	−$108,748	$1,845
NAICS 449 Furniture, home furnishings, electronics, and appliance retailers NAICS 449	203	$42,524	$127,269	−$225,231	$1,063
NAICS 112 Animal production and aquaculture NAICS 112	180	$67,565	$220,480	−$132,020	$1,689
NAICS 517 Telecommunications NAICS 517	166	$107,504	$369,147	+$16,647	$2,688
NAICS 712 Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions NAICS 712	156	$37,892	$110,027	−$242,473	$947
NAICS 488 Support activities for transportation NAICS 488	152	$93,930	$318,620	−$33,880	$2,348
NAICS 523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investments and related activities NAICS 523	136	$136,557	$477,292	+$124,792	$3,414
NAICS 321 Wood product manufacturing NAICS 321	120	$44,790	$135,704	−$216,796	$1,120
NAICS 334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing NAICS 334	120	$66,595	$216,870	−$135,630	$1,665
NAICS 518 Computing infrastructure providers, data processing, web hosting, and related services NAICS 518	114	$82,785	$277,134	−$75,366	$2,070
NAICS 323 Printing and related support activities NAICS 323	113	$44,581	$134,926	−$217,574	$1,115
NAICS 212 Mining (except oil and gas) NAICS 212	110	$80,970	$270,378	−$82,122	$2,024
NAICS 512 Motion picture and sound recording industries NAICS 512	106	$49,304	$152,507	−$199,993	$1,233
NAICS 337 Furniture and related product manufacturing NAICS 337	97	$60,780	$195,224	−$157,276	$1,520
NAICS 516 Broadcasting and content providers NAICS 516	92	$39,579	$116,307	−$236,193	$989
NAICS 493 Warehousing and storage NAICS 493	90	$67,988	$222,055	−$130,445	$1,700
NAICS 926 Administration of economic programs NAICS 926	87	$133,418	$465,608	+$113,108	$3,335
NAICS 115 Support activities for agriculture and forestry NAICS 115	63	$43,738	$131,788	−$220,712	$1,093
NAICS 814 Private households NAICS 814	58	$49,555	$153,441	−$199,059	$1,239
NAICS 315 Apparel manufacturing NAICS 315	47	$54,634	$172,347	−$180,153	$1,366
NAICS 326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing NAICS 326	47	$63,921	$206,916	−$145,584	$1,598
NAICS 928 National security and international affairs NAICS 928	20	$72,345	$238,273	−$114,227	$1,809
NAICS 923 Administration of human resource programs NAICS 923	19	$116,571	$402,897	+$50,397	$2,914
NAICS 325 Chemical manufacturing NAICS 325	12	$61,706	$198,671	−$153,829	$1,543
NAICS 525 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles NAICS 525	7	$104,765	$358,951	+$6,451	$2,619

Affordable home price assumes the industry's average earner uses 30% of gross income for housing, with a 30-year mortgage at 7%, 5% down, $2,500/yr taxes & insurance, and 0.5% PMI. Adjust the Section 3 calculator for other terms. Affordable rent is 30% of monthly gross pay.

Source: BLS QCEW Annual Averages, 2024; ACS 5-year 2024 (median home value).

Section 5

Wages by Occupation

Selected essential-worker occupations for the MSA or nonmetropolitan area containing this county — jobs, the 10-year change, wages, and the housing each typical earner can afford. Both jobs counts and wages are reported at the MSA / nonmetropolitan-area level (BLS does not publish OEWS at the county level), so every county inside the same area shows the same numbers. For county-accurate employment totals, see Section 4 above.

Occupational wages and affordable housing

Occupation	2025 jobs	2015–2025 change	% change	Hourly wage	Annual wage	Affordable home price	Affordable monthly rent
Cashiers SOC 41-2011	1,490	(750)	(33%)	$16.98	$35,320	$100,454	$883
Fast Food and Counter Workers SOC 35-3023 · prior-year code differs	1,440	(50)	(3%)	$17.52	$36,450	$104,660	$911
Childcare Workers SOC 39-9011	460	180	64%	$18.02	$37,480	$108,494	$937
Retail Salespersons SOC 41-2031	1,860	(660)	(26%)	$19.32	$40,180	$118,544	$1,005
Janitors and Cleaners SOC 37-2011	1,070	20	2%	$19.84	$41,280	$122,639	$1,032
Tellers SOC 43-3071	180	(140)	(44%)	$20.99	$43,660	$131,498	$1,092
Home Health and Personal Care Aides SOC 31-1131 · prior-year code differs	540	(940)	(64%)	$22.04	$45,830	$139,575	$1,146
Office Clerks, General SOC 43-9061	790	(530)	(40%)	$22.22	$46,220	$141,027	$1,156
Waiters and Waitresses SOC 35-3031	1,280	(140)	(10%)	$24.61	$51,190	$159,527	$1,280
Maintenance and Repair Workers, General SOC 49-9071	870	180	26%	$25.72	$53,490	$168,088	$1,337
Construction Laborers SOC 47-2061	430	90	26%	$27.22	$56,620	$179,739	$1,416
Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers SOC 53-3032	560	250	81%	$29.64	$61,650	$198,463	$1,541
Carpenters SOC 47-2031	280	(80)	(22%)	$31.51	$65,540	$212,943	$1,639
Electricians SOC 47-2111	280	50	22%	$34.72	$72,210	$237,771	$1,805
Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers SOC 33-3051	390	40	11%	$35.42	$73,670	$243,205	$1,842
Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters SOC 47-2152	180	—	—	$38.39	$79,840	$266,172	$1,996
Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education SOC 25-2021	710	(60)	(8%)	—	$94,700	$321,486	$2,368
Registered Nurses SOC 29-1141	1,000	(150)	(13%)	$50.15	$104,300	$357,220	$2,608

Affordable home price uses the same Section 3 formula (30% housing budget, 30-year mortgage at 7%, 5% down, $2,500/yr T&I, 0.5% PMI). Affordable rent is 30% of monthly wages. Negative job-change values are shown in red parentheses. A "prior-year code differs" note flags occupations whose SOC code changed between the two vintages (2010 SOC → 2018 SOC) — the change estimate is best-effort.

Source: BLS OEWS May 2025 (10-year change vs. May 2015). Jobs counts and wages reflect the MSA or nonmetropolitan area containing this county, not the county alone — OEWS is not published at the county level.

Methodology & sources

All figures derive from the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates. State and national comparisons are population-weighted aggregates of county-level estimates (an approximation; ACS publishes its own state and national medians which can differ slightly).

The affordability calculator uses a 30% housing-budget rule with a 30-year mortgage. Defaults are 7% interest, 5% down, $2,500/year taxes and insurance, and 0.5% PMI — adjustable above.

Variables: 36111 · pulled from Full Housing Data Table.xlsx.