Ohio · GEOID 39095

Lucas County

2024 ACS 5-year estimates · population 428,018 · 200,998 housing units

Median household income

$62,224

State $72,438

Median home value

$163,900

State $219,987

Median gross rent

$934

State $1,046

Homeownership rate

62.0%

State 67.2%

Renter cost-burden rate

45.0%

≥30% of income

Owner cost-burden rate

17.8%

≥30% of income

Homeowner vacancy

0.8%

Of owner-occupied + for-sale units

Rental vacancy

5.1%

Of renter-occupied + for-rent units

Overall vacancy

8.8%

All housing units

Price-to-income ratio

2.63

Affordable: 2.0–3.0

Section 1

Community Profile

Population, demographics, household composition, and income.

Community Data Summary

	Lucas County	Ohio
Population	428,018	11,810,293
Population density (per sq. mi.)	1,260.13	—
Median household income	$62,224	$72,438
HUD Area Median Income (4-person, 100%)	$95,400	—
Households	183,243	—
Average household size	2.29 people	—
Owner-occupied	62.0%	67.2%
Renter-occupied	38.0%	32.8%
Race	68.2% White · 19.3% Black	0.0% White · 0.0% Black

Source: ACS 5-year 2024 (Tables DP05, S1101, DP04, S1901) and Census Gazetteer (land area); HUD FY2026 Income Limits.

Racial composition

Lucas County compared with Ohio.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table DP05.

Educational attainment (population 25+)

29.4% hold a bachelor's degree or higher (state: 31.5%).

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S1501.

Median Household Income by Tenure

Owner-occupied vs. renter-occupied household income, county and state.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25119.

Median Household Income by Age of Householder

Median household income by age group of householder.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B19049.

Median Household Income by Number of Earners

Median household income for families with each earner count.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S1903.

Household Size

Distribution of households by number of people.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2501.

Income by Number of Earners

Earners	Share	Median income	Attainable monthly housing cost	Attainable home
0 earners	15.6%	$43,765	$1,094	$131,889
1 earner	35.3%	$58,191	$1,455	$185,587
2 earners	38.7%	$113,503	$2,838	$391,477
3+ earners	10.4%	$147,245	$3,681	$517,076

Attainable monthly housing cost = 30% of gross income ÷ 12. Attainable home price assumes 30% housing budget, 30-yr mortgage at 7%, 5% down.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S1903; affordability formula derived.

Households

183,243

Average size: 2.29 people

Households with children

44,932

24.5% of households

Per-capita income

$37,575

Poverty rate: 16.6%

Section 2

Residential Market Analysis

Housing stock characteristics — tenure, type, age, size, vacancy, rents.

Tenure

62.0% owner-occupied vs. state average 67.2%.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table DP04.

Structure type

Single-family share 72.2% · Missing middle (2–19 units) 18.2%.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25024.

Housing stock by decade

72.2% built before 1980 · Median structure age 1,963.00 yrs.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2504.

Housing size mismatch

Compares the share of housing units by bedroom count against the share of households by size — a common diagnostic of housing supply/demand alignment.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Tables B25041 (bedrooms) and S2501 (household size).

Home value distribution

Owner-occupied homes by value bracket. Median: $163,900.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table DP04.

Monthly Housing Costs

Distribution of monthly housing costs across all occupied units.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25104.

Number of Bedrooms

Housing units by number of bedrooms.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25041.

Median rent by bedroom

Overall median gross rent: $934.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25031.

Renters by age

Number of renter householders by age bracket.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2502.

Owners by age

Number of owner householders by age bracket.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table S2502.

Vacancy composition

All 17,755 vacant units split into Census's seven categories. Frictional vacancy (units actively on the market) reflects healthy churn. Structural vacancy (seasonal, migrant, other) sits outside the market for year-round residents — high values change how the headline vacancy rate should be read.

Vacant units by type

For sale 5.0% · For rent 21.5% · Seasonal 4.9% · Other 58.2%.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25004.

Frictional vs structural

36.7% of vacancy is frictional (for sale + for rent + rented/sold not yet occupied); 63.3% is structural (seasonal + migrant + other).

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25004.

Seasonal / recreational share of all housing

0.4%

875 units of 200,998 total

Housing units held for seasonal or recreational use.

"Other vacant" share of all housing

5.1%

10,331 units of 200,998 total

⚑ Above the 5% threshold — possible indicator of disinvestment, abandonment, or condemned stock.

Section 3

Workforce Housing Needs Assessment

Affordability, cost burden, and the housing options for households in the workforce income range.

Workforce range — ACS median household income

80% MHI$49,779

100% MHI$62,224

120% MHI$74,669

County-wide median from ACS 5-year estimates. A household at 100% MHI in Lucas County should be able to afford a home up to roughly — (30% housing budget, default mortgage terms).

Workforce range — HUD Area Median Income

	1-person	2-person	4-person
80% AMI	$53,450	$61,050	$76,300
100% AMI	$66,780	$76,320	$95,400
120% AMI	$80,150	$91,600	$114,500

HUD FMR Area: Toledo, OH HUD Metro FMR Area. 80% AMI uses HUD's published Section 8 Low Income Limits; 100% is HUD MFI; 120% is the standard workforce convention.

Affordability calculator

Follows the standard 30%-of-gross-income affordability rule.

Income basis Household income Interest rate % Down payment % Taxes & insurance / yr

Affordable monthly—

Affordable home price—

Renter cost burden

45.0% of renter households spend ≥30% of income on rent (23.8% spend ≥50%).

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25070.

Owner cost burden by income

17.8% of homeowners spend ≥30% of income on housing. Bars show counts of cost-burdened owners by income bracket.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25106.

Household income — owners vs renters

Distribution of household income for owner-occupied (navy) and renter-occupied (gold) households.

Source: ACS 5-year 2024, Table B25118.

Section 4

Industry & Workforce Wages

Employment, average wages, and the housing each industry's typical earner can afford in Lucas County.

Covered employment

194,867

Across 21 sectors

Establishments

10,952

QCEW 2024

Avg annual pay (workforce)

$62,231

Employment-weighted across sectors

Top 10 sectors by employment

Annual average employment by NAICS 2-digit sector. Counties with fewer than five covered establishments in a sector may show suppressed totals.

Source: BLS QCEW Annual Averages, 2024.

Attainable housing by industry

Industry	Employment	Avg annual wage	Affordable home price	vs. median value	Affordable monthly rent
NAICS 62 Health care and social assistance NAICS 62	40,927	$64,923	$210,646	+$46,746	$1,623
NAICS 31-33 Manufacturing NAICS 31-33	22,898	$92,346	$312,724	+$148,824	$2,309
NAICS 44-45 Retail trade NAICS 44-45	21,031	$36,605	$105,237	−$58,663	$915
NAICS 72 Accommodation and food services NAICS 72	19,813	$22,537	$52,871	−$111,029	$563
NAICS 61 Educational services NAICS 61	17,756	$61,753	$198,846	+$34,946	$1,544
NAICS 56 Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services NAICS 56	11,246	$39,678	$116,675	−$47,225	$992
NAICS 23 Construction NAICS 23	8,759	$83,028	$278,039	+$114,139	$2,076
NAICS 54 Professional, scientific, and technical services NAICS 54	7,584	$85,168	$286,005	+$122,105	$2,129
NAICS 48-49 Transportation and warehousing NAICS 48-49	6,955	$61,964	$199,632	+$35,732	$1,549
NAICS 92 Public administration NAICS 92	6,885	$75,513	$250,065	+$86,165	$1,888
NAICS 81 Other services (except public administration) NAICS 81	6,344	$45,983	$140,145	−$23,755	$1,150
NAICS 42 Wholesale trade NAICS 42	6,167	$78,380	$260,737	+$96,837	$1,960
NAICS 52 Finance and insurance NAICS 52	4,583	$93,477	$316,934	+$153,034	$2,337
NAICS 71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation NAICS 71	4,432	$28,224	$74,040	−$89,860	$706
NAICS 55 Management of companies and enterprises NAICS 55	4,058	$143,088	$501,603	+$337,703	$3,577
NAICS 53 Real estate and rental and leasing NAICS 53	2,355	$62,731	$202,487	+$38,587	$1,568
NAICS 51 Information NAICS 51	1,914	$60,292	$193,408	+$29,508	$1,507
NAICS 22 Utilities NAICS 22	795	$88,944	$300,060	+$136,160	$2,224
NAICS 11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting NAICS 11	204	$61,976	$199,676	+$35,776	$1,549
NAICS 21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction NAICS 21	150	$104,977	$359,740	+$195,840	$2,624
NAICS 99 Unclassified NAICS 99	11	$57,826	$184,228	+$20,328	$1,446

Subsector	Employment	Avg annual wage	Affordable home price	vs. median value	Affordable monthly rent
NAICS 722 Food services and drinking places NAICS 722	18,635	$22,165	$51,486	−$112,414	$554
NAICS 611 Educational services NAICS 611	17,756	$61,753	$198,846	+$34,946	$1,544
NAICS 621 Ambulatory health care services NAICS 621	14,301	$89,505	$302,148	+$138,248	$2,238
NAICS 622 Hospitals NAICS 622	13,295	$64,048	$207,389	+$43,489	$1,601
NAICS 561 Administrative and support services NAICS 561	10,427	$37,476	$108,479	−$55,421	$937
NAICS 336 Transportation equipment manufacturing NAICS 336	9,667	$101,102	$345,316	+$181,416	$2,528
NAICS 541 Professional, scientific, and technical services NAICS 541	7,584	$85,168	$286,005	+$122,105	$2,129
NAICS 623 Nursing and residential care facilities NAICS 623	7,015	$41,117	$122,032	−$41,868	$1,028
NAICS 624 Social assistance NAICS 624	6,316	$37,545	$108,736	−$55,164	$939
NAICS 238 Specialty trade contractors NAICS 238	5,880	$78,513	$261,233	+$97,333	$1,963
NAICS 455 General merchandise retailers NAICS 455	4,993	$29,218	$77,740	−$86,160	$730
NAICS 423 Merchant wholesalers, durable goods NAICS 423	4,243	$82,182	$274,890	+$110,990	$2,055
NAICS 551 Management of companies and enterprises NAICS 551	4,058	$143,088	$501,603	+$337,703	$3,577
NAICS 445 Food and beverage retailers NAICS 445	3,806	$28,369	$74,580	−$89,320	$709
NAICS 922 Justice, public order, and safety activities NAICS 922	3,674	$79,890	$266,358	+$102,458	$1,997
NAICS 441 Motor vehicle and parts dealers NAICS 441	3,292	$63,727	$206,194	+$42,294	$1,593
NAICS 713 Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries NAICS 713	2,577	$27,055	$69,688	−$94,212	$676
NAICS 327 Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing NAICS 327	2,392	$91,340	$308,979	+$145,079	$2,284
NAICS 459 Sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book, and miscellaneous retailers NAICS 459	2,210	$28,954	$76,757	−$87,143	$724
NAICS 484 Truck transportation NAICS 484	2,191	$66,701	$217,264	+$53,364	$1,668
NAICS 812 Personal and laundry services NAICS 812	2,121	$32,257	$89,052	−$74,848	$806
NAICS 332 Fabricated metal product manufacturing NAICS 332	2,058	$74,129	$244,914	+$81,014	$1,853
NAICS 811 Repair and maintenance NAICS 811	2,054	$72,627	$239,323	+$75,423	$1,816
NAICS 524 Insurance carriers and related activities NAICS 524	2,044	$87,682	$295,363	+$131,463	$2,192
NAICS 813 Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations NAICS 813	2,041	$34,240	$96,433	−$67,467	$856
NAICS 444 Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers NAICS 444	1,959	$40,441	$119,516	−$44,384	$1,011
NAICS 492 Couriers and messengers NAICS 492	1,889	$50,142	$155,626	−$8,274	$1,254
NAICS 522 Credit intermediation and related activities NAICS 522	1,874	$70,299	$230,657	+$66,757	$1,757
NAICS 424 Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods NAICS 424	1,771	$68,404	$223,603	+$59,703	$1,710
NAICS 236 Construction of buildings NAICS 236	1,714	$81,268	$271,488	+$107,588	$2,032
NAICS 531 Real estate NAICS 531	1,702	$68,103	$222,483	+$58,583	$1,703
NAICS 333 Machinery manufacturing NAICS 333	1,452	$85,884	$288,670	+$124,770	$2,147
NAICS 458 Clothing, clothing accessories, shoe, and jewelry retailers NAICS 458	1,398	$22,829	$53,958	−$109,942	$571
NAICS 921 Executive, legislative, and other general government support NAICS 921	1,373	$67,231	$219,237	+$55,337	$1,681
NAICS 324 Petroleum and coal products manufacturing NAICS 324	1,234	$168,142	$594,862	+$430,962	$4,204
NAICS 456 Health and personal care retailers NAICS 456	1,190	$41,298	$122,706	−$41,194	$1,032
NAICS 449 Furniture, home furnishings, electronics, and appliance retailers NAICS 449	1,177	$44,005	$132,782	−$31,118	$1,100
NAICS 721 Accommodation NAICS 721	1,177	$28,448	$74,874	−$89,026	$711
NAICS 237 Heavy and civil engineering construction NAICS 237	1,164	$108,495	$372,836	+$208,936	$2,712
NAICS 712 Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions NAICS 712	1,152	$33,092	$92,160	−$71,740	$827
NAICS 325 Chemical manufacturing NAICS 325	1,069	$87,558	$294,901	+$131,001	$2,189
NAICS 335 Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing NAICS 335	1,025	$97,652	$332,474	+$168,574	$2,441
NAICS 457 Gasoline stations and fuel dealers NAICS 457	1,004	$30,002	$80,658	−$83,242	$750
NAICS 491 Postal service NAICS 491	920	$70,053	$229,742	+$65,842	$1,751
NAICS 562 Waste management and remediation services NAICS 562	819	$67,716	$221,042	+$57,142	$1,693
NAICS 221 Utilities NAICS 221	795	$88,944	$300,060	+$136,160	$2,224
NAICS 493 Warehousing and storage NAICS 493	772	$60,251	$193,255	+$29,355	$1,506
NAICS 326 Plastics and rubber products manufacturing NAICS 326	712	$65,916	$214,342	+$50,442	$1,648
NAICS 711 Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries NAICS 711	703	$24,535	$60,308	−$103,592	$613
NAICS 523 Securities, commodity contracts, and other financial investments and related activities NAICS 523	659	$177,146	$628,378	+$464,478	$4,429
NAICS 323 Printing and related support activities NAICS 323	615	$50,791	$158,042	−$5,858	$1,270
NAICS 311 Food manufacturing NAICS 311	599	$71,031	$233,382	+$69,482	$1,776
NAICS 924 Administration of environmental quality programs NAICS 924	559	$62,235	$200,640	+$36,740	$1,556
NAICS 339 Miscellaneous manufacturing NAICS 339	547	$54,922	$173,419	+$9,519	$1,373
NAICS 488 Support activities for transportation NAICS 488	543	$73,228	$241,560	+$77,660	$1,831
NAICS 517 Telecommunications NAICS 517	458	$66,823	$217,718	+$53,818	$1,671
NAICS 923 Administration of human resource programs NAICS 923	440	$82,091	$274,551	+$110,651	$2,052
NAICS 312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing NAICS 312	430	$53,662	$168,729	+$4,829	$1,342
NAICS 485 Transit and ground passenger transportation NAICS 485	411	$47,920	$147,355	−$16,545	$1,198
NAICS 519 Web search portals, libraries, archives, and other information services NAICS 519	389	$51,570	$160,942	−$2,958	$1,289
NAICS 516 Broadcasting and content providers NAICS 516	367	$62,312	$200,927	+$37,027	$1,558
NAICS 322 Paper manufacturing NAICS 322	346	$58,013	$184,925	+$21,025	$1,450
NAICS 926 Administration of economic programs NAICS 926	329	$82,405	$275,720	+$111,820	$2,060
NAICS 513 Publishing industries NAICS 513	328	$85,590	$287,576	+$123,676	$2,140
NAICS 928 National security and international affairs NAICS 928	281	$77,323	$256,803	+$92,903	$1,933
NAICS 331 Primary metal manufacturing NAICS 331	251	$58,604	$187,124	+$23,224	$1,465
NAICS 925 Administration of housing programs, urban planning, and community development NAICS 925	232	$61,778	$198,939	+$35,039	$1,544
NAICS 337 Furniture and related product manufacturing NAICS 337	193	$64,289	$208,286	+$44,386	$1,607
NAICS 111 Crop production NAICS 111	163	$34,150	$96,098	−$67,802	$854
NAICS 425 Wholesale trade agents and brokers NAICS 425	152	$88,995	$300,250	+$136,350	$2,225
NAICS 814 Private households NAICS 814	127	$33,377	$93,221	−$70,679	$834
NAICS 334 Computer and electronic product manufacturing NAICS 334	118	$63,325	$204,698	+$40,798	$1,583
NAICS 321 Wood product manufacturing NAICS 321	105	$78,930	$262,785	+$98,885	$1,973
NAICS 481 Air transportation NAICS 481	104	$82,247	$275,132	+$111,232	$2,056
NAICS 486 Pipeline transportation NAICS 486	54	$122,095	$423,459	+$259,559	$3,052
NAICS 315 Apparel manufacturing NAICS 315	53	$38,882	$113,712	−$50,188	$972
NAICS 112 Animal production and aquaculture NAICS 112	24	$262,515	$946,150	+$782,250	$6,563
NAICS 999 Unclassified NAICS 999	11	$57,826	$184,228	+$20,328	$1,446
NAICS 525 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles NAICS 525	6	$117,629	$406,836	+$242,936	$2,941

Affordable home price assumes the industry's average earner uses 30% of gross income for housing, with a 30-year mortgage at 7%, 5% down, $2,500/yr taxes & insurance, and 0.5% PMI. Adjust the Section 3 calculator for other terms. Affordable rent is 30% of monthly gross pay.

Source: BLS QCEW Annual Averages, 2024; ACS 5-year 2024 (median home value).

Section 5

Wages by Occupation

Selected essential-worker occupations for the MSA or nonmetropolitan area containing this county — jobs, the 10-year change, wages, and the housing each typical earner can afford. Both jobs counts and wages are reported at the MSA / nonmetropolitan-area level (BLS does not publish OEWS at the county level), so every county inside the same area shows the same numbers. For county-accurate employment totals, see Section 4 above.

Occupational wages and affordable housing

Occupation	2025 jobs	2015–2025 change	% change	Hourly wage	Annual wage	Affordable home price	Affordable monthly rent
Fast Food and Counter Workers SOC 35-3023 · prior-year code differs	9,280	(1,290)	(12%)	$13.44	$27,950	$73,020	$699
Cashiers SOC 41-2011	5,740	(1,280)	(18%)	$14.66	$30,490	$82,475	$762
Childcare Workers SOC 39-9011	700	(650)	(48%)	$14.71	$30,600	$82,884	$765
Retail Salespersons SOC 41-2031	7,360	(1,360)	(16%)	$16.65	$34,620	$97,848	$866
Janitors and Cleaners SOC 37-2011	4,220	(770)	(15%)	$17.64	$36,700	$105,590	$918
Waiters and Waitresses SOC 35-3031	4,600	(950)	(17%)	$19.73	$41,030	$121,708	$1,026
Home Health and Personal Care Aides SOC 31-1131 · prior-year code differs	3,590	(3,020)	(46%)	$19.82	$41,230	$122,453	$1,031
Tellers SOC 43-3071	680	(190)	(22%)	$20.37	$42,380	$126,733	$1,060
Office Clerks, General SOC 43-9061	4,500	(670)	(13%)	$20.81	$43,280	$130,083	$1,082
Maintenance and Repair Workers, General SOC 49-9071	3,640	310	9%	$27.10	$56,360	$178,772	$1,409
Construction Laborers SOC 47-2061	1,520	(30)	(2%)	$27.50	$57,190	$181,861	$1,430
Paramedics SOC 29-2043 · prior-year code differs	90	(570)	(86%)	$27.65	$57,510	$183,052	$1,438
Firefighters SOC 33-2011	1,010	170	20%	$29.07	$60,470	$194,070	$1,512
Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers SOC 53-3032	5,110	560	12%	$29.31	$60,970	$195,932	$1,524
Carpenters SOC 47-2031	980	(70)	(7%)	$30.09	$62,580	$201,924	$1,565
Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education SOC 25-2021	3,350	750	29%	—	$69,770	$228,688	$1,744
Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters SOC 47-2152	1,100	—	—	$35.20	$73,220	$241,530	$1,831
Electricians SOC 47-2111	1,660	440	36%	$35.24	$73,290	$241,791	$1,832
Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers SOC 33-3051	1,230	(400)	(25%)	$35.54	$73,920	$244,136	$1,848
Registered Nurses SOC 29-1141	7,890	370	5%	$41.63	$86,600	$291,335	$2,165

Affordable home price uses the same Section 3 formula (30% housing budget, 30-year mortgage at 7%, 5% down, $2,500/yr T&I, 0.5% PMI). Affordable rent is 30% of monthly wages. Negative job-change values are shown in red parentheses. A "prior-year code differs" note flags occupations whose SOC code changed between the two vintages (2010 SOC → 2018 SOC) — the change estimate is best-effort.

Source: BLS OEWS May 2025 (10-year change vs. May 2015). Jobs counts and wages reflect the MSA or nonmetropolitan area containing this county, not the county alone — OEWS is not published at the county level.

Methodology & sources

All figures derive from the 2024 American Community Survey 5-year estimates. State and national comparisons are population-weighted aggregates of county-level estimates (an approximation; ACS publishes its own state and national medians which can differ slightly).

The affordability calculator uses a 30% housing-budget rule with a 30-year mortgage. Defaults are 7% interest, 5% down, $2,500/year taxes and insurance, and 0.5% PMI — adjustable above.

Variables: 39095 · pulled from Full Housing Data Table.xlsx.